Proportional Hazard Model:
Proportional hazard model is a generic term for models (particularly survival models in medicine) that have the form
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where L is the hazard function or hazard rate, {xi} are covariates, {bi} are coefficients of the model – effects of the corresponding covariates, and h(t) gives the effect of duration on the hazard rate.
In a proportional hazard model, the effect of an independent variable on the hazard rate is assumed to be multiplicative. For example, the variable “smoking” in a model might have the effect of increasing the hazard rate 30%.
Examples of proportional hazard model are exponential, Weibull, and Gompertz models given respectively by
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Cox proposed an ingenious principle for estimating all proportional hazard models without knowing the function h(t) or even the base hazard rate h0(t). Using this principle one estimates the effects {bi} of the covariates {xi}, but not the effect of duration h(t).
This is known as the Cox Proportional Hazard Model.
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